• Intracellular Signaling Cascades From ligand

  2025-02-18

  

  Intracellular Signaling Cascades. From ligand sensitization to translation of genes, all cellular processes are dependent on the intracellular levels and activity of partners involved in the signaling pathway. These signaling events lead to critical post-translational modifications including phospho

• Introduction Alzheimer s disease AD

  2025-02-18

  

  Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurological disorder characterized by a progressive dementia resulting from synapse failure (Selkoe, 2002, Tanzi, 2005). The amyloid hypothesis maintains that the pivotal event in AD is the production of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides following the prote

• Although several studies indicate that ALDH protects

  2025-02-17

  

  Although several studies indicate that ALDH2 protects the heart from injury and maladaptive remodeling (reviewed in [11], [12], [13]), accumulating evidence indicates that deficiency of the enzyme could be protective as well. For example, mice expressing the defective Aldh2*2 mutation show lower ald

• To date the molecular responses of AChE have been partially

  2025-02-17

  

  To date, the molecular responses of AChE have been partially analyzed in its mRNA level or protein activity in aquatic animals. To understand the correlation between transcriptional change and activity of AChE, we conducted both experiments in B. koreanus. Generally, the Caspase-4 fluorometric detec

• In this study in an

  2025-02-17

  

  In this study, in an effort to explore the possible role of 5-HT6 receptors in mediating the memory-enhancing effects of YL-0919, we first assessed the memory-enhancing effects of YL-0919 in the Morris water maze, object recognition test and step-down passive avoidance task. In addition, we then inv

• br Results br Discussion Our

  2025-02-17

  

  Results Discussion Our finding that AXL overexpression is significantly associated with poor survival in patients with high-grade serous OC is consistent with previous reports indicating that AXL regulates tumor growth in some cancers, as well as reports showing that AXL activity is involved i

• We demonstrated clearly that the overexpression of sFlt sign

  2025-02-15

  

  We demonstrated clearly that the overexpression of sFlt-1 significantly increased arginase CORM-3 and enhanced arginase activity in HUVECs (Fig. 3). NO formation is related inversely to serum levels of sFlt-1 in preeclampsia [11]. The disorder of NO formation, which was involved in hypertension and

• br Introduction The apelin receptor angiotensin receptor lik

  2025-02-15

  

  Introduction The apelin receptor (angiotensin receptor-like 1, APJ) is a seven transmembrane receptor (7TMR) that belongs to the class A peptidergic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) superfamily [1]. The endogenous ligands of APJ are the different isoforms of apelin (namely apelin-13, −17, and −

• In the early s in addition to

  2025-02-15

  

  In the early 2000s, in addition to above-mentioned plant derived compounds, several peptide fragments from protein sources (e.g. gelatin, egg yolk, meat, fish, chicken, legumes) have been also confirmed as potential natural antioxidants and extensive studies about bioactive peptides have been conduc

• Expression of Twist and the AR are

  2025-02-15

  

  Expression of Twist1 and the AR are increased by oxidative stress, but the change in the receptor (mRNA/protein) is lost after treatment with siRNAs that target Twist 1 (Shiota et al., 2010). Twist 1 was found to bind to E-boxes, 5′-CANNTG-3′, in the proximal promoter (−442 to +51 bp) and upstream r

• APP is a member of a conserved protein family that

  2025-02-15

  

  APP is a member of a conserved protein family that also includes amyloid precursor-like proteins 1 and 2 (APLP1, APLP2).8, 9, 10 The proteins in this family are type I single-pass transmembrane Calpeptin with receptor-like structural features but not entirely clear cellular functions.11, 12, 13, 14

• Previous studies have demonstrated that synaptic AMPARs can

  2025-02-15

  

  Previous studies have demonstrated that synaptic AMPARs can differ greatly in their mobility; some rapidly and constitutively c75 in and out of the synaptic membrane, while others remain somewhat stable in the synaptic membrane (Luscher et al., 1999, Luthi et al., 1999). We find that mGluR- and NMD

• Calcium entry through postsynaptic NMDARs activates

  2025-02-15

  

  Calcium entry through postsynaptic NMDARs activates intracellular signaling cascades including Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and calcineurin. The spatiotemporal abundance of this Ca2+/CaM complex determines the direction of synaptic plasticity, resulting in LTP (Malinow

• While high fat diet models of insulin

  2025-02-15

  

  While high-fat diet models of insulin resistance are acceptable approaches for the study of pre-diabetes in humans, they are not suitable for modeling progression towards established type2 diabetes. The pattern of activation of the lipoxygenase pathway in pre-clinical models of type2 diabetes has no

• Glu Gln Asp and Asn the main

  2025-02-15

  

  Glu, Gln, Asp, and Asn, the main Ergosterol presented in the present study, are involved in nitrogen assimilation and transport processes within the plants. Furthermore, they are used to build up reserves during periods of nitrogen availability for subsequent use in growth, defense, and reproductiv

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